Green space visits among Turkish and South Asian Surinamese women with a high cardiometabolic risk living in disadvantaged neighborhoods in the Netherlands: motives, means and prerequisites

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The use of urban green spaces differs by social characteristics, including gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic position. We examined motives, means and prerequisites to visit green space of marginalised populations with high cardiometabolic risk in the Netherlands, namely women with a Turkish or South Asian Surinamese background residing in disadvantaged neighbourhoods. METHODS: We conducted six focus group discussions in two Dutch cities. The study was performed in collaboration with social workers from the local communities with similar ethnic backgrounds as the participants. A thematic analysis was carried out. RESULTS: Sixteen Turkish women and 30 South Asian Surinamese women participated. Motives, means and prerequisites that emerged covered four themes: social, personal, environmental characteristics and undertaking activities. Socializing was an important motive to visit green space. Personal motives mainly consisted of positive effects on mental and physical well-being. Activities undertaken in green space were often a means to socialize or improve well-being. Many environmental factors, including safety, aesthetics, and (sanitary) facilities, influenced motivation to visit green space. Except for environmental characteristics, motives, means and prerequisites largely overlapped between ethnic groups. There were notable interactions between the themes. CONCLUSION: Motives, means and prerequisites to visit green space of women with a Turkish or South Asian Surinamese background who live in disadvantaged neighborhoods span multiple interacting themes. Future studies examining the relationship between green space and health should consider interactions between motives, means, prerequisites and ethnicity. The possibility of expanding the multifunctionality of green spaces to provide marginalized populations with more equitable access and activities should be further explored.