Author Correction: Possible alleviation of symptoms and side effects through clinicians’ nocebo information and empathy in an experimental video vignette study (Scientific Reports, (2022), 12, 1, (16112), 10.1038/s41598-022-19729-w)

Abstract

Correction to: Scientific Reports, published online 27 September 2022 The original version of this Article contained errors in the dataset, where one participant was incorrectly labelled as Western immigrant and should have been labelled as Native Dutch. Another participant was incorrectly labelled as Western immigrant and should have been labelled as Non-Western immigrant. As a result, in the Abstract, “Anxiety was not influenced by empathy or information (Stai-state: p = 0.295; p = 0.390, VAS p = 0.399; p = 0.823).” now reads: “Anxiety was not influenced by empathy or information (Stai-state: p = 0.281; p = 0.410, VAS p = 0.387; p = 0.838).” In addition, in the Results section, under the subheading ‘Main and interaction effects of nocebo information and empathy’, under the subheading “Nocebo information”, “As demonstrated in Table 4, in controlled models the nocebo explanation did not influence APs’ anxiety levels (Stai-state: p = 0.390, VAS p = 0.823), or their feelings of satisfaction, trust, and self-efficacy (p > 0.05).” now reads: “As demonstrated in Table 4, in controlled models the nocebo explanation did not influence APs’ anxiety levels (Stai-state: p = 0.410, VAS p = 0.838), or their feelings of satisfaction, trust, and self-efficacy (p > 0.05).” Also in the Results section, under the subheading ‘Main and interaction effects of nocebo information and empathy’, under the subheading “Empathy”, “As demonstrated in Table 4, in controlled models reassurance of continuing support did not influence anxiety levels (Stai-state: p = 0.295, VAS p = 0.399) but did increase feelings of satisfaction, trust, and self-efficacy (p < 0.001).” now reads: “As demonstrated in Table 4, in controlled models reassurance of continuing support did not influence anxiety levels (Stai-state: p = 0.281, VAS p = 0.387) but did increase feelings of satisfaction, trust, and self-efficacy (p < 0.001).” Table 3 contained errors in mean (SD) values for “Migrant background,” “Native Dutch,” “Western immigrant,” “Non-Western immigrant”. Incorrect: (Table presented.) Variables Information−Empathy− N = 43 Information+Empathy+ N = 42 Total N = 160 Mean (SD) Mean (SD) Mean (SD) F (df); (p) Migrant background (Fisher Exact) p = 0.76 Native Dutch 38 (88.4) 33 (78.6) 129 (80.6) Western immigrant 3 (7.0) 5 (11.9) 16 (10.0) Non-Western immigrant 2 (4.7) 4 (9.5) 15 (9.4) Correct: (Table presented.) Variables Information−Empathy− N = 43 Information+Empathy+ N = 42 Total N = 160 Mean (SD) Mean (SD) Mean (SD) F (df); (p) Migrant background (Fisher Exact) p = 0.80 Native Dutch 38 (88.4) 34 (81.0) 130 (81.3) Western immigrant 2 (4.7) 4 (9.5) 14 (8.8) Non-Western immigrant 3 (7.0) 4 (9.5) 16 (10.0) Table 4 contained errors for the “Western migrant vs native Dutch” and “non-Western migrant vs native Dutch”. Adjustments have been made in Table 4. The original Table 4 and accompanying legend appear below. (Table presented.) Main and interaction effects of nocebo information and empathy. Model 1—uncontrolled main effects (+ interaction effect if significant) Nocebo information Empathy Nocebo information × Empathy B p B p B p Anxiety (Stai_state) 0.09 0.260 − 0.03 0.694 Anxiety (VAS) 0.05 0.575 − 0.02 0.816 Probability of specific − 0.06 0.420 − 0.25 Intensity of specific 0.05 0.516 − 0.24 Coping of specific 0.20 0.011 0.03 0.680 0.20 Probability of non-specific − 0.02 0.765 − 0.16 Intensity of non-specific 0.05 0.531 − 0.20 Coping of non-specific 0.09 0.273 0.15 0.057 Probability of partial 0.06 0.426 − 0.17 Intensity of partial 0.09 0.289 − 0.19 Coping of partial 0.12 0.133 0.08 0.295 Satisfaction (VAS)^ − 0.06 0.462 0.26 Trust^ − 0.05 0.492 0.25 Self-efficacy − 0.08 0.324 0.32 Model 2—controlled main effects (+ interaction effect if significant) Nocebo information Empathy Nocebo information x Empathy Migrant background (Western migrant vs native Dutch) Migrant background (non-Western migrant vs native Dutch) Trait anxiety Treatment information need B p B p B p B p B p B p B p Anxiety (Stai_state) 0.06 0.390 − 0.8 0.295 0.13 0.065 − 0.06 0.385 − 0.46 0.01 0.941 Anxiety (VAS) 0.02 0.823 − 0.06 0.399 0.18 0.100 − 0.06 0.379 − 0.46 0.01 0.867 Probability of specific − 0.06 0.459 − 0.22 0.21 0.779 0.10 0.194 0.09 0.263 0.20 0.012 Intensity of specific 0.04 0.591 − 0.23 0.08 0.325 0.14 0.075 − 0.02 0.828 0.13 0.100 Coping of specific 0.20 0.05 0.537 0.19 0.03 0.667 − 0.13 0.109 − 0.14 0.065 0.16 Probability of non-specific − 0.02 0.760 − 0.13 0.092 0.03 0.729 0.19 0.20 0.09 0.256 Intensity of non-specific 0.03 0.669 − 0.19 0.11 0.158 0.30 0.15 0.054 0.03 0.715 Coping of non-specific 0.08 0.329 0.15 0.059 0.08 0.291 − 0.05 0.521 − 0.18 0.09 0.276 Probability of partial 0.07 0.404 − 0.14 0.082 − 0.003 0.968 0.17 0.08 0.319 0.18 Intensity of partial 0.07 0.339 − 0.17 0.10 0.203 0.21 0.07 0.370 0.14 0.069 Coping of partial 0.12 0.122 0.09 0.248 0.03 0.722 − 0.15 0.068 − 0.20 0.13 0.093 Satisfaction (VAS)^ − 0.04 0.612 0.30 − 0.07 0.365 − 0.02 0.781 0.02 0.807 0.21 Trust^ − 0.04 0.604 0.28 − 0.10 0.203 0.01 0.950 − 0.04 0.606 0.17 Self-efficacy − 0.07 0.336 0.33 − 0.04 0.642 0.07 0.387 − 0.03 0.667 0.08 0.316 Significant values are in [bold]. B = standardized beta *p < 0.01 **p < 0.05 (trend significance). Transformation of these negatively skewed variables did not alter the effects, so the non-transformed variables were maintained. The original Article has been corrected.