Age- and sex-specific associations between risk scores for schizophrenia and self-reported health in the general population
Paquin, Vincent; Pries, Lotta-Katrin; Ten Have, Margreet; Bak, Maarten; Gunther, Nicole; de Graaf, Ron; van Dorsselaer, Saskia; Lin, Bochao D; van Eijk, Kristel R; Kenis, Gunter; Richards, Alexander; O'Donovan, Michael C; Luykx, Jurjen J; Rutten, Bart P F; van Os, Jim; Shah, Jai L; Guloksuz, Sinan
(2023) Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, volume 58, issue 1, pp. 43 - 52
(Article)
Abstract
Purpose: The health correlates of polygenic risk (PRS-SCZ) and exposome (ES-SCZ) scores for schizophrenia may vary depending on age and sex. We aimed to examine age- and sex-specific associations of PRS-SCZ and ES-SCZ with self-reported health in the general population. Methods: Participants were from the population-based Netherlands Mental Health Survey
... read more
and Incidence Study–2 (NEMESIS-2). Mental and physical health were measured with the 36-item Short Form Survey 4 times between 2007 and 2018. The PRS-SCZ and ES-SCZ were respectively calculated from common genetic variants and exposures (cannabis use, winter birth, hearing impairment, and five childhood adversity categories). Moderation by age and sex was examined in linear mixed models. Results: For PRS-SCZ and ES-SCZ analyses, we included 3099 and 6264 participants, respectively (age range 18–65 years; 55.7–56.1% female). Age and sex did not interact with PRS-SCZ. Age moderated the association between ES-SCZ and mental (interaction: p = 0.02) and physical health (p = 0.0007): at age 18, + 1.00 of ES-SCZ was associated with − 0.10 of mental health and − 0.08 of physical health, whereas at age 65, it was associated with − 0.21 and − 0.23, respectively (all units in standard deviations). Sex moderated the association between ES-SCZ and physical health (p <.0001): + 1.00 of ES-SCZ was associated with − 0.19 of physical health among female and − 0.11 among male individuals. Conclusion: There were larger associations between higher ES-SCZ and poorer health among female and older individuals. Accounting for these interactions may increase ES-SCZ precision and help uncover populational determinants of environmental influences on health.
show less
Download/Full Text
Keywords: Exposome, Genes, Quality of life, Schizophrenia, Sex characteristics, Health(social science), Psychiatry and Mental health, Social Psychology, Epidemiology, Journal Article
ISSN: 0933-7954
Publisher: D. Steinkopff-Verlag
Note: Funding Information: M.O. is supported by a collaborative research grant from Takeda Pharmaceuticals. Takeda played no part in the conception, design, implementation, funding or interpretation of this paper. No other disclosures were reported. Funding Information: NEMESIS-2 is conducted by the Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction (Trimbos Institute) in Utrecht. The funder had no role in the design and conduct. Financial support has been received from the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport, with supplementary support from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw). This work was supported by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Program under grant agreement No. HEALTH-F2-2009-241909 (Project EU-GEI). These funding sources had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. B.P.F.R. was funded by a VIDI award number 91718336 from the Netherlands Scientific Organisation. S.G. and J.v.O. are supported by the Ophelia research project, ZonMw grant number: 636340001. M.O. is supported by MRC programme grant (G08005009) and an MRC Centre grant (MR/L010305/1). Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).
(Peer reviewed)