Development and content validity evaluation of a candidate instrument to assess image quality in digital mammography: A mixed-method study
Boita, Joana; Bolejko, Anetta; Zackrisson, Sophia; Wallis, Matthew G; Ikeda, Debra M; Van Ongeval, Chantal; van Engen, Ruben E; Mackenzie, Alistair; Tingberg, Anders; Bosmans, Hilde; Pijnappel, Ruud; Sechopoulos, Ioannis; Broeders, Mireille
(2021) European Journal of Radiology, volume 134, pp. 1 - 10
(Article)
Abstract
Purpose: To develop a candidate instrument to assess image quality in digital mammography, by identifying clinically relevant features in images that are affected by lower image quality. Methods: Interviews with fifteen expert breast radiologists from five countries were conducted and analysed by using adapted directed content analysis. During these interviews,
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45 mammographic cases, containing 44 lesions (30 cancers, 14 benign findings), and 5 normal cases, were shown with varying image quality. The interviews were performed to identify the structures from breast tissue and lesions relevant for image interpretation, and to investigate how image quality affected the visibility of those structures. The interview findings were used to develop tentative items, which were evaluated in terms of wording, understandability, and ambiguity with expert breast radiologists. The relevance of the tentative items was evaluated using the content validity index (CVI) and modified kappa index (k*). Results: Twelve content areas, representing the content of image quality in digital mammography, emerged from the interviews and were converted into 29 tentative items. Fourteen of these items demonstrated excellent CVI ≥ 0.78 (k* > 0.74), one showed good CVI < 0.78 (0.60 ≤ k* ≤ 0.74), while fourteen were of fair or poor CVI < 0.78 (k* ≤ 0.59). In total, nine items were deleted and five were revised or combined resulting in 18 items. Conclusions: By following a mixed-method methodology, a candidate instrument was developed that may be used to characterise the clinically-relevant impact that image quality variations can have on digital mammography.
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Keywords: Content validity evaluation, Content validity index, Digital mammography, Directed content analysis, Image quality evaluation, Visual grading analysis, Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Journal Article
ISSN: 0720-048X
Publisher: Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Note: Funding Information: For the VISUAL group: F. Jansen, L. Duijm, H. de Bruin, I. Andersson, C. Behmer, K. Taylor, F. Kilburn-Toppin, M. van Goethem, R. Prevos, N. Salem, S. Pal. The authors thank the Medical Physics Department, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust for the use of mammograms from the OPTIMAM Mammography Image Database funded by Cancer Research UK (C30682/A28396), and Sander van Woudenberg for all the help with the image processing. Funding Information: Alistair Mackenzie was funded as part of the OPTIMAM2 project and is supported by Cancer Research UK (grant number: C30682/A17321 ). Publisher Copyright: © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
(Peer reviewed)