Patterns of C1-Inhibitor/Plasma Serine Protease Complexes in Healthy Humans and in Hereditary Angioedema Patients
Kajdácsi, Erika; Jandrasics, Zsófia; Veszeli, Nóra; Makó, Veronika; Koncz, Anna; Gulyás, Dominik; Köhalmi, Kinga Viktória; Temesszentandrási, György; Cervenak, László; Gál, Péter; Dobó, József; de Maat, Steven; Maas, Coen; Farkas, Henriette; Varga, Lilian
(2020) Frontiers in Immunology, volume 11
(Article)
Abstract
C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) is an important regulator of the complement, coagulation, fibrinolytic and contact systems. The quantity of protease/C1-INH complexes in the blood is proportional to the level of the in vivo activation of these four cascade-like plasma enzyme systems. Parallel determination of C1-INH-containing activation complexes could be important to understand
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the regulatory role of C1-INH in diseases such as hereditary angioedema (HAE) due to C1-INH deficiency (C1-INH-HAE). We developed in-house ELISAs to measure the concentration of complexes of C1-INH formed with active proteases: C1r, C1s, MASP-1, MASP-2, plasma kallikrein, factor XIIa, factor XIa, and thrombin, as well as to determine total and functionally active C1-INH. We measured the concentration of the complexes in EDTA plasma from 6 healthy controls, from 5 with type I and 5 with type II C1-INH-HAE patients during symptom-free periods and from five patients during HAE attacks. We also assessed the concentration of these complexes in blood samples taken from one C1-INH-HAE patient during the kinetic follow-up of a HAE attack. The overall pattern of complexed C1-INH was similar in controls and C1-INH-HAE patients. C1-INH formed the highest concentration complexes with C1r and C1s. We observed higher plasma kallikrein/C1-INH complex concentration in both type I and type II C1-INH-HAE, and higher concentration of MASP-1/C1-INH, and MASP-2/C1-INH complexes in type II C1-INH-HAE patients compared to healthy controls and type I patients. Interestingly, none of the C1-INH complex concentrations changed significantly during HAE attacks. During the kinetic follow-up of an HAE attack, the concentration of plasma kallikrein/C1-INH complex was elevated at the onset of the attack. In parallel, C1r, FXIIa and FXIa complexes of C1-INH also tended to be elevated, and the changes in the concentrations of the complexes followed rather rapid kinetics. Our results suggest that the complement classical pathway plays a critical role in the metabolism of C1-INH, however, in C1-INH-HAE, contact system activation is the most significant in this respect. Due to the fast changes in the concentration of complexes, high resolution kinetic follow-up studies are needed to clarify the precise molecular background of C1-INH-HAE pathogenesis.
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Keywords: C1-inhibitor, HAE attack, activation, hereditary angioedema, kinetic follow-up, serine protease, Immunology and Allergy, Immunology, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Journal Article
ISSN: 1664-3224
Publisher: Frontiers Media S. A.
Note: Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office – K112110, K119374, and KH130376 and the Higher Education Institutional Excellence Programme of the Ministry of Human Capacities in Hungary, within the framework of the molecular biology thematic program of the Semmelweis University. The publishing was supported by the Foundation for the Prevention and Treatment of Fatal Angioedematous Disease. Funding Information: Funding. This work was supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office ? K112110, K119374, and KH130376 and the Higher Education Institutional Excellence Programme of the Ministry of Human Capacities in Hungary, within the framework of the molecular biology thematic program of the Semmelweis University. The publishing was supported by the Foundation for the Prevention and Treatment of Fatal Angioedematous Disease. Publisher Copyright: © Copyright © 2020 Kajdácsi, Jandrasics, Veszeli, Makó, Koncz, Gulyás, Köhalmi, Temesszentandrási, Cervenak, Gál, Dobó, de Maat, Maas, Farkas and Varga.
(Peer reviewed)