A replication study of JTC bias, genetic liability for psychosis and delusional ideation
Henquet, Cécile; van Os, Jim; Pries, Lotta K; Rauschenberg, Christian; Delespaul, Philippe; Kenis, Gunter; Luykx, Jurjen J; Lin, Bochao D; Richards, Alexander L; Akdede, Berna; Binbay, Tolga; Altınyazar, Vesile; Yalınçetin, Berna; Gümüş-Akay, Güvem; Cihan, Burçin; Soygür, Haldun; Ulaş, Halis; Cankurtaran, Eylem S; Kaymak, Semra U; Mihaljevic, Marina M; Petrovic, Sanja S; Mirjanic, Tijana; Bernardo, Miguel; Mezquida, Gisela; Amoretti, Silvia; Bobes, Julio; Saiz, Pilar A; García-Portilla, Maria P; Sanjuan, Julio; Aguilar, Eduardo J; Santos, Jose L; Jiménez-López, Estela; Arrojo, Manuel; Carracedo, Angel; López, Gonzalo; González-Peñas, Javier; Parellada, Mara; Maric, Nadja P; Atbaşoğlu, Cem; Ucok, Alp; Alptekin, Köksal; Saka, Meram C; Arango, Celso; O'Donovan, Michael; Rutten, Bart P F; Gülöksüz, Sinan
(2022) Psychological medicine, volume 52, issue 9, pp. 1777 - 1783
(Article)
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study attempted to replicate whether a bias in probabilistic reasoning, or 'jumping to conclusions'(JTC) bias is associated with being a sibling of a patient with schizophrenia spectrum disorder; and if so, whether this association is contingent on subthreshold delusional ideation. METHODS: Data were derived from the EUGEI project,
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a 25-centre, 15-country effort to study psychosis spectrum disorder. The current analyses included 1261 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, 1282 siblings of patients and 1525 healthy comparison subjects, recruited in Spain (five centres), Turkey (three centres) and Serbia (one centre). The beads task was used to assess JTC bias. Lifetime experience of delusional ideation and hallucinatory experiences was assessed using the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences. General cognitive abilities were taken into account in the analyses. RESULTS: JTC bias was positively associated not only with patient status but also with sibling status [adjusted relative risk (aRR) ratio : 4.23 CI 95% 3.46-5.17 for siblings and aRR: 5.07 CI 95% 4.13-6.23 for patients]. The association between JTC bias and sibling status was stronger in those with higher levels of delusional ideation (aRR interaction in siblings: 3.77 CI 95% 1.67-8.51, and in patients: 2.15 CI 95% 0.94-4.92). The association between JTC bias and sibling status was not stronger in those with higher levels of hallucinatory experiences. CONCLUSIONS: These findings replicate earlier findings that JTC bias is associated with familial liability for psychosis and that this is contingent on the degree of delusional ideation but not hallucinations.
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Keywords: Cognition, delusions, family, jumping to conclusions, neuropsychology, psychosis, reasoning, Psychiatry and Mental health, Applied Psychology, Journal Article
ISSN: 0033-2917
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Note: Funding Information: The authors are grateful to the patients and their families for participating in the project. They also thank all research personnel involved in the EUGEI project, in particular G. Driessen. The EUGEI project was supported by the European Community's Seventh Framework Program under grant agreement No. HEALTH-F2-2009-241909 (Project EU-GEI). Dr O'Donovan is supported by MRC programme grant (G08005009) and an MRC Centre grant (MR/L010305/1). Dr Rutten was funded by a VIDI award number 91718336 from the Dutch Scientific Organisation. Drs Guloksuz and van Os are supported by the Ophelia research project, ZonMw grant number: 636340001. Publisher Copyright: Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press.
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