Trajectory of Cardiovascular Risk Factors After Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: An Argument for Follow-Up
PREVEND Group
(2019) Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), volume 73, issue 1, pp. 171 - 178
(Article)
Abstract
Women with a history of a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) are at increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular risk management guidelines emphasize the need for prevention of cardiovascular disease in these women but fail to provide uniform recommendations on when and how to start cardiovascular risk assessment. The
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aim of this study was to identify a window of opportunity in which to start cardiovascular risk factor assessment by investigating changes in blood pressure, lipids, and fasting glucose levels over time in women with a history of an HDP. We identified women with a history of a normotensive pregnancy (n=1811) or an HDP (n=1005) within a high-risk population-based cohort study. We assessed changes in blood pressure, lipids, glucose, 10-year cardiovascular risk and the occurrence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus longitudinally using 5 measurements at 3-year intervals. Generalized estimating equations were used for statistical analysis, with age as the time variable, adjusting for multiple comparisons using the least significant differences method. In women with an HDP, the overall prevalence of hypertension ( P<0.0001), dyslipidemia ( P=0.003), and diabetes mellitus ( P<0.0001) was significantly higher. They also developed hypertension and diabetes mellitus earlier. At age 35, few women with HDP need to be screened to detect clinically relevant hypertension: 9 need to be screened to detect 1 woman with a treatment indication as opposed to 38 women with history of a normotensive pregnancy. Our data supports cardiovascular follow-up of women with a history of an HDP starting within the fourth decade of life.
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Keywords: cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, hypertension, pregnancy-induced, preeclampsia, risk factors, Internal Medicine
ISSN: 0194-911X
Publisher: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Note: Funding Information: The PREVEND study (Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease) was supported by Dutch Kidney Foundation (Grant E.033), the University Medical Centre Groningen and Dade Behring, Ausam, Roche, Abbott, and Gentian. G.A. Zoet is supported by the Dutch Heart Foundation (grant number 2013T083). A.T. Lely is supported by the ZonMw Clinical Fellowship (40-000703-97-12463). Funding parties were not involved in study design, data collection, analyses, writing of the article or the decision to submit this article for publication. Funding Information: The PREVEND study (Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease) was supported by Dutch Kidney Foundation (Grant E.033), the University Medical Centre Groningen and Dade Behring, Ausam, Roche, Abbott, and Gentian. G.A. Zoet is supported by the Dutch Heart Foundation (grant number 2013T083). A.T. Lely is supported by the ZonMw Clinical Fellowship (40-000703-97-12463). Funding parties were not involved in study design, data collection, analyses, writing of the article or the decision to submit this article for publication. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 American Heart Association, Inc.
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