Long-term exposure to air pollution and incidence of gastric and the upper aerodigestive tract cancers in a pooled European cohort: The ELAPSE project
Nagel, Gabriele; Chen, Jie; Jaensch, Andrea; Skodda, Lea; Rodopoulou, Sophia; Strak, Maciej; de Hoogh, Kees; Andersen, Zorana J; Bellander, Tom; Brandt, Jørgen; Fecht, Daniela; Forastiere, Francesco; Gulliver, John; Hertel, Ole; Hoffmann, Barbara; Hvidtfeldt, Ulla Arthur; Katsouyanni, Klea; Ketzel, Matthias; Leander, Karin; Magnusson, Patrik K E; Pershagen, Göran; Rizzuto, Debora; Samoli, Evangelia; Severi, Gianluca; Stafoggia, Massimo; Tjønneland, Anne; Vermeulen, Roel C H; Wolf, Kathrin; Zitt, Emanuel; Brunekreef, Bert; Hoek, Gerard; Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole; Weinmayr, Gudrun
(2024) International Journal of Cancer, volume 154, issue 11, pp. 1900 - 1910
(Article)
Abstract
Air pollution has been shown to significantly impact human health including cancer. Gastric and upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers are common and increased risk has been associated with smoking and occupational exposures. However, the association with air pollution remains unclear. We pooled European subcohorts (N = 287,576 participants for gastric and N = 297,406
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for UADT analyses) and investigated the association between residential exposure to fine particles (PM 2.5 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), black carbon (BC) and ozone in the warm season (O 3w ) with gastric and UADT cancer. We applied Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for potential confounders at the individual and area-level. During 5,305,133 and 5,434,843 person-years, 872 gastric and 1139 UADT incident cancer cases were observed, respectively. For gastric cancer, we found no association with PM 2.5 , NO 2 and BC while for UADT the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.15 (95% CI: 1.00-1.33) per 5 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 , 1.19 (1.08-1.30) per 10 μg/m 3 increase in NO 2 , 1.14 (1.04-1.26) per 0.5 × 10 -5 m -1 increase in BC and 0.81 (0.72-0.92) per 10 μg/m 3 increase in O 3w . We found no association between long-term ambient air pollution exposure and incidence of gastric cancer, while for long-term exposure to PM 2.5 , NO 2 and BC increased incidence of UADT cancer was observed.
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Keywords: UADT, air pollution, gastric cancer, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, particular matter, Oncology, Cancer Research
ISSN: 0020-7136
Publisher: Wiley-Liss Inc.
Note: Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Authors. International Journal of Cancer published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of UICC.
(Peer reviewed)