Human resource management in the age of generative artificial intelligence: Perspectives and research directions on ChatGPT
Budhwar, Pawan; Chowdhury, Soumyadeb; Wood, Geoffrey; Aguinis, Herman; Bamber, Greg J.; Beltran, Jose R.; Boselie, Paul; Lee Cooke, Fang; Decker, Stephanie; DeNisi, Angelo; Dey, Prasanta Kumar; Guest, David; Knoblich, Andrew J.; Malik, Ashish; Paauwe, Jaap; Papagiannidis, Savvas; Patel, Charmi; Pereira, Vijay; Ren, Shuang; Rogelberg, Steven; Saunders, Mark N.K.; Tung, Rosalie L.; Varma, Arup
(2023) Human Resource Management Journal, volume 33, issue 3, pp. 606 - 659
(Article)
Abstract
ChatGPT and its variants that use generative artificial intelligence (AI) models have rapidly become a focal point in academic and media discussions about their potential benefits and drawbacks across various sectors of the economy, democracy, society, and environment. It remains unclear whether these technologies result in job displacement or creation,
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or if they merely shift human labour by generating new, potentially trivial or practically irrelevant, information and decisions. According to the CEO of ChatGPT, the potential impact of this new family of AI technology could be as big as “the printing press”, with significant implications for employment, stakeholder relationships, business models, and academic research, and its full consequences are largely undiscovered and uncertain. The introduction of more advanced and potent generative AI tools in the AI market, following the launch of ChatGPT, has ramped up the “AI arms race”, creating continuing uncertainty for workers, expanding their business applications, while heightening risks related to well-being, bias, misinformation, context insensitivity, privacy issues, ethical dilemmas, and security. Given these developments, this perspectives editorial offers a collection of perspectives and research pathways to extend HRM scholarship in the realm of generative AI. In doing so, the discussion synthesizes the literature on AI and generative AI, connecting it to various aspects of HRM processes, practices, relationships, and outcomes, thereby contributing to shaping the future of HRM research.
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Keywords: artificial intelligence, ChatGPT, CSR, ethics, generative AI, HRM, human resource strategy, international human resource management, productivity, sustainability, Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
ISSN: 0954-5395
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Note: Funding Information: Several people helpfully advised on earlier versions of parts of this perspectives editorial including Dale M Clarke and Dickson Lukose. Fang Lee Cooke would like to acknowledge the support of the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) through the Digital Futures at Work Research Center (grant no. ES/S012532/1). No funding has been specifically sought by authors for the topic covered in this article. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Human Resource Management Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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