Mass balance of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets from 1992 to 2020
Otosaka, Inès N.; Shepherd, Andrew; Ivins, Erik R.; Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne; Amory, Charles; Van Den Broeke, Michiel R.; Horwath, Martin; Joughin, Ian; King, Michalea D.; Krinner, Gerhard; Nowicki, Sophie; Payne, Anthony J.; Rignot, Eric; Scambos, Ted; Simon, Karen M.; Smith, Benjamin E.; Sørensen, Louise S.; Velicogna, Isabella; Whitehouse, Pippa L.; Geruo, A.; Agosta, Cécile; Ahlstrøm, Andreas P.; Blazquez, Alejandro; Colgan, William; Engdahl, Marcus E.; Fettweis, Xavier; Forsberg, Rene; Gallée, Hubert; Gardner, Alex; Gilbert, Lin; Gourmelen, Noel; Groh, Andreas; Gunter, Brian C.; Harig, Christopher; Helm, Veit; Khan, Shfaqat Abbas; Kittel, Christoph; Konrad, Hannes; Langen, Peter L.; Lecavalier, Benoit S.; Liang, Chia Chun; Loomis, Bryant D.; McMillan, Malcolm; Melini, Daniele; Mernild, Sebastian H.; Mottram, Ruth; Mouginot, Jeremie; Nilsson, Johan; Noël, Brice; Pattle, Mark E.; Peltier, William R.; Pie, Nadege; Roca, Mònica; Sasgen, Ingo; Save, Himanshu V.; Seo, Ki Weon; Scheuchl, Bernd; Schrama, Ernst J.O.; Schröder, Ludwig; Simonsen, Sebastian B.; Slater, Thomas; Spada, Giorgio; Sutterley, Tyler C.; Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt; Van Wessem, Jan Melchior; Wiese, David; Van Der Wal, Wouter; Wouters, Bert
(2023) Earth System Science Data, volume 15, issue 4, pp. 1597 - 1616
(Article)
Abstract
Ice losses from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have accelerated since the 1990s, accounting for a significant increase in the global mean sea level. Here, we present a new 29-year record of ice sheet mass balance from 1992 to 2020 from the Ice Sheet Mass Balance Inter-comparison Exercise (IMBIE).
... read more
We compare and combine 50 independent estimates of ice sheet mass balance derived from satellite observations of temporal changes in ice sheet flow, in ice sheet volume, and in Earth's gravity field. Between 1992 and 2020, the ice sheets contributed 21.0±1.9g€¯mm to global mean sea level, with the rate of mass loss rising from 105g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1 between 1992 and 1996 to 372g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1 between 2016 and 2020. In Greenland, the rate of mass loss is 169±9g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1 between 1992 and 2020, but there are large inter-annual variations in mass balance, with mass loss ranging from 86g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1 in 2017 to 444g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1 in 2019 due to large variability in surface mass balance. In Antarctica, ice losses continue to be dominated by mass loss from West Antarctica (82±9g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1) and, to a lesser extent, from the Antarctic Peninsula (13±5g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1). East Antarctica remains close to a state of balance, with a small gain of 3±15g€¯Gtg€¯yr-1, but is the most uncertain component of Antarctica's mass balance. The dataset is publicly available at 10.5285/77B64C55-7166-4A06-9DEF-2E400398E452 (IMBIE Team, 2021).
show less
Download/Full Text
Keywords: Acceleration, Amundsen sea embayment, Elevation change, Future, Glacial isostatic-adjustment, Grace, Level rise, Model, Surface, West antarctica
ISSN: 1866-3508
Publisher: Copernicus Publications
Note: Funding Information: A portion of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA; grant no. 80NM0018D0004). Funding for Erik R. Ivins and Nicole-Jeanne Schlegel has been provided by NASA ROSES solicitation (grant no. NNH20ZDA001N-CRYO) in response to proposal 20-CRYO2020-0003. GEUS data, provided from the Programme for Monitoring of the Greenland Ice Sheet ( http://www.PROMICE.dk , last access: 8 July 2021), were funded by the Danish Ministry of Climate, Energy, and Utilities. Malcolm McMillan received support of the UK NERC Centre for Polar Observation and Modelling (CPOM) and the Lancaster University UKCEH Centre of Excellence in Environmental Data Science. Peter L. Langen received support from the Aarhus University Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change (iClimate, Aarhus University). Noel Gourmelen used CryoSat data obtained from ESA at http://cs2eo.org (last access: 10 October 2021) and via the CryoTEMPO-EOLIS project https://cryotempo-eolis.org/ (last access: 10 October 2021). Giorgio Spada has been funded by a research grant from DIFA (Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Augusto Righi) of the Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna. Johan Nilsson and Alex Gardner have been supported by the ITS_LIVE project awarded through NASA MEaSUREs Program and the NASA Cryosphere program through participation in the ICESat-2 science team. Ingo Sasgen acknowledges funding by the Helmholtz Climate Initiative REKLIM (Regional Climate Change), a joint research project of the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (HGF). Ice velocity data for Greenland and Antarctica, provided by UC Irvine, are funded by the NASA MEaSUREs Program. BedMachine Antarctica is funded by the NASA MEaSUREs Program. BedMachine Greenland is funded by research grants from the NASA Operation IceBridge Mission. Bert Wouters has been funded by NWO VIDI (grant no. 016.Vidi.171.063). Funding Information: This work is an outcome of the Ice Sheet Mass Balance Inter-comparison Exercise (IMBIE) supported by the ESA EOEP-5 “EO Science for Society”, the ESA “Climate Change Initiative”, and the NASA Cryosphere Program. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Copernicus GmbH. All rights reserved.
(Peer reviewed)
