Electrostatic interactions control the adsorption of extracellular vesicles onto supported lipid bilayers
Ridolfi, Andrea; Cardellini, Jacopo; Gashi, Fatlinda; van Herwijnen, Martijn J C; Trulsson, Martin; Campos-Terán, José; H M Wauben, Marca; Berti, Debora; Nylander, Tommy; Stenhammar, Joakim
(2023) Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, volume 650, issue Pt A, pp. 883 - 891
(Article)
Abstract
Communication between cells located in different parts of an organism is often mediated by membrane-enveloped nanoparticles, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs). EV binding and cell uptake mechanisms depend on the heterogeneous composition of the EV membrane. From a colloidal perspective, the EV membrane interacts with other biological interfaces via both
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specific and non-specific interactions, where the latter include long-ranged electrostatic and van der Waals forces, and short-ranged repulsive "steric-hydration" forces. While electrostatic forces are generally exploited in most EV immobilization protocols, the roles played by various colloidal forces in controlling EV adsorption on surfaces have not yet been thoroughly addressed. In the present work, we study the adsorption of EVs onto supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) carrying different surface charge densities using a combination of quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). We demonstrate that EV adsorption onto lipid membranes can be controlled by varying the strength of electrostatic forces and we theoretically describe the observed phenomena within the framework of nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann theory. Our modelling results confirm the experimental observations and highlight the crucial role played by attractive electrostatics in EV adsorption onto lipid membranes. They furthermore show that simplified theories developed for model lipid systems can be successfully applied to the study of their biological analogues and provide new fundamental insights into EV-membrane interactions with potential use in developing novel EV separation and immobilization strategies.
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Keywords: Adhesion, Communication, Dna, Forces, Phosphatidylcholine, Rupture, Surfaces, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Biomaterials, Colloid and Surface Chemistry
ISSN: 0021-9797
Publisher: Academic Press Inc.
Note: Funding Information: JS acknowledges enlightening discussions with Håkan Wennerström. We thank Marije Kleinjan (Utrecht University, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, The Netherlands) for technical support in preparing milk EV samples and Valentina Moccia (Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Italy) for technical support in the NTA characterization. This work has been supported by the European Community through the evFOUNDRY project (H2020-FETopen, ID: 801367). Funding Information: JS acknowledges enlightening discussions with Håkan Wennerström. We thank Marije Kleinjan (Utrecht University, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, The Netherlands) for technical support in preparing milk EV samples and Valentina Moccia (Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Italy) for technical support in the NTA characterization. This work has been supported by the European Community through the evFOUNDRY project (H2020-FETopen, ID: 801367). Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors
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