Key Science Goals for the Next-Generation Event Horizon Telescope
Johnson, Michael; Akiyama, Kazunori; Blackburn, Lindy; Bouman, Katherine L; Broderick, Avery; Cardoso, Vitor; Fender, Rob; Fromm, Christian; Galison, Peter; Gómez, Jose L.; Haggard, Daryl; Lister, Matthew; Lobanov, Andrei; Markoff, Sera; Narayan, Ramesh; Natarajan, Priyamvada; Nichols, Tiffany; Pesce, Dominic W.; Younsi, Ziri; Chael, Andrew; Chatterjee, Koushik; Chaves, Ryan; Doboszewski, Juliusz; Dodson, Richard; Doeleman, Sheperd; Elder, Jamee; Fitzpatrick, Garret; Haworth, Kari; Houston, Janice; Issaoun, Sara; Kovalev, Yuri; Levis, Aviad; ROCCO, LICO; Marcoci, Alexandru; Martens, Niels; Nagar, Neil; Oppenheimer, Aaron; Palumbo, Daniel; Ricarte, Angelo; Rioja, Maria J.; Roelofs, Freek; Thresher, Ann C; Tiede, Paul; Weintroub, Jonathan; Wielgus, Maciek
(2023) Galaxies, volume 11, issue 3
(Article)
Abstract
The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has led to the first images of a supermassive black hole, revealing the central compact objects in the elliptical galaxy M87 and the Milky Way. Proposed upgrades to this array through the next-generation EHT (ngEHT) program would sharply improve the angular resolution, dynamic range, and
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temporal coverage of the existing EHT observations. These improvements will uniquely enable a wealth of transformative new discoveries related to black hole science, extending from event-horizon-scale studies of strong gravity to studies of explosive transients to the cosmological growth and influence of supermassive black holes. Here, we present the key science goals for the ngEHT and their associated instrument requirements, both of which have been formulated through a multi-year international effort involving hundreds of scientists worldwide.
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Keywords: black holes, general relativity, interferometry, accretion, relativistic jets, very-long-baseline interferometry, EHT, ngEHT
ISSN: 2075-4434
Publisher: MDPI AG
Note: Funding Information: The ngEHT design studies are funded by National Science Foundation grants AST-1935980 and AST-2034306 and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF-10423). This work was supported by the Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University, which is funded by grants from the John Templeton Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation to Harvard University. This work was supported by Volkswagen Foundation, VILLUM Foundation (grant no. VIL37766) and the DNRF Chair program (grant no. DNRF162) by the Danish National Research Foundation. We acknowledge financial support provided under the European Union’s H2020 ERC Advanced Grant “Black holes: gravitational engines of discovery” grant agreement no. Gravitas–101052587. NCMM acknowledges support from the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme for the funding received under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 101065772 (PhilDarkEnergy) and the ERC Starting Grant agreement No. 101076402 (COSMO-MASTER). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them. NN acknowledges funding from TITANs NCN19-058 and Fondecyt 1221421. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.
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