Temporal patterns of flowering and pod-set among theobroma and herrania species in a costa rican garden plot
Young, Allen M.; Barry, Kathryn E.
(2021) Tropical Agriculture, volume 98, issue 2, pp. 87 - 100
(Article)
Abstract
The number of floral buds, open flowers, inflorescences, and fruits (pods) were recorded at varying intervals over several years in a Costa Rican garden plot with mature trees of two species from the genus Theobroma (T, simiarum, T. speciosum) and three species from the genus Herrania (H. albiflora, H. nitida
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and H. purpurea) (Malvaceae: Byttnerioideae). While there were considerable differences in the number of flowers, inflorescences and open flowers, timing of these outputs only significantly differed in the timing of pod production; in this respect the species fell into roughly two groups though these groups did not correspond to the two genera. H. albiflora, H. purpurea, and T. speciosum all produced more pods in December, February, and March. Alternatively, H. nitida and T. simiarum produced more pods in September. This paper adds to our knowledge of how closely related species in the same habitat partition the timing of flowering and pod-set.
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Keywords: Costa Rica, Flowering, Herrania, Pod production, Seasonality, Theobroma, Taverne, Development, Agronomy and Crop Science
ISSN: 0041-3216
Publisher: University of the West Indies
Note: Funding Information: This research was funded by grants from the American Cocoa Institute of the United States of America to Young. We thank the late Stephen L. Solheim, then at the University of Wisconsin-Madison herbarium, and most recently at the University of Wisconsin - Coe, S.D. and M.D. Coe. 1996. The True Whitewater, for assistance with species History of Chocolate. New York: Thames identifications. The general support of the and Hudson. Milwaukee Public Museum is also Cuatrecasas, J. 1964. “Cacao and its Allies - A appreciated. We thank Dr. Laurence Dorr of Taxonomic Revision of the Genus the Botany Department at the National Theobroma.” in Systematic Plant Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian, for Studies, 379–614. Contributions from the reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript. United States National Herbarium. The comments of an anonymous reviewer Washington, DC: Smithsonian. greatly improved this paper. We dedicate this Encinas Dardengo, J. de F., A.P. Bandini paper to the memory of both Hugh Iltis and Rossi, and T.L. Varella. 2018. “The Effects Stephen L. Solheim. Finally, we would like to of Fragmentation on the Genetic Structure thank Sophia Otap for general support of Theobroma speciosum (Malvaceae) throughout the final stages of this project. Populations in Mato Grosso, Brazil.” Rev. Funding Information: This research was funded by grants from the American Cocoa Institute of the United States of America to Young. We thank the late Stephen L. Solheim, then at the University of Wisconsin-Madison herbarium, and most recently at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, for assistance with species identifications. The general support of the Milwaukee Public Museum is also appreciated. We thank Dr. Laurence Dorr of the Botany Department at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian, for reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript. The comments of an anonymous reviewer greatly improved this paper. We dedicate this paper to the memory of both Hugh Iltis and Stephen L. Solheim. Finally, we would like to thank Sophia Otap for general support throughout the final stages of this project. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Trop. Agric. (Trinidad).
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