Glucose Oligosaccharide and Long-Chain Glucomannan Feed Additives Induce Enhanced Activation of Intraepithelial NK Cells and Relative Abundance of Commensal Lactic Acid Bacteria in Broiler Chickens
Meijerink, Nathalie; de Oliveira, Jean E; van Haarlem, Daphne A; Hosotani, Guilherme; Lamot, David M; Stegeman, J Arjan; Rutten, Victor P M G; Jansen, Christine A
(2021) Veterinary Sciences, volume 8, issue 6, pp. 1 - 28
(Article)
Abstract
Restrictions on the use of antibiotics in the poultry industry stimulate the development of alternative nutritional solutions to maintain or improve poultry health. This requires more insight in the modulatory effects of feed additives on the immune system and microbiota composition. Compounds known to influence the innate immune system and
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microbiota composition were selected and screened in vitro, in ovo, and in vivo. Among all compounds, 57 enhanced NK cell activation, 56 increased phagocytosis, and 22 increased NO production of the macrophage cell line HD11 in vitro. Based on these results, availability and regulatory status, six compounds were selected for further analysis. None of these compounds showed negative effects on growth, hatchability, and feed conversion in in ovo and in vivo studies. Based on the most interesting numerical results and highest future potential feasibility, two compounds were analyzed further. Administration of glucose oligosaccharide and long-chain glucomannan in vivo both enhanced activation of intraepithelial NK cells and led to increased relative abundance of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) amongst ileum and ceca microbiota after seven days of supplementation. Positive correlations between NK cell subsets and activation, and relative abundance of LAB suggest the involvement of microbiota in the modulation of the function of intraepithelial NK cells. This study identifies glucose oligosaccharide and long-chain glucomannan supplementation as effective nutritional strategies to modulate the intestinal microbiota composition and strengthen the intraepithelial innate immune system.
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Keywords: Adaptive, Broiler chickens, Glucose oligosaccharide, IELs, In vitro-, in ovo-, in vivo screening, Innate, Long-chain glucomannan, Microbiota, NK cells, T cells, General Veterinary
ISSN: 2306-7381
Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Note: Funding Information: This research was funded by the Dutch Research Council (NWO) in conjunction with Cargill Animal Nutrition and Health in the context of stimulating Public?Private research collaboration, grant number 868.15.020 and part of the research program of NWO Earth and Life Sciences (ALW). Acknowledgments: We acknowledge the animal caretakers of both the Cargill Animal Nutrition and Health Innovation Center and the Department Population Health Sciences, division Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, for their help during the animal experiments. We thank R.H.G.A. van den Biggelaar for his help during the isolation of immune cells and G.J.A. Arkesteijn for maintaining optimal working conditions of the Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Facility, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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