Overview and Evaluation of Existing Guidelines for Rational Antimicrobial Use in Small-Animal Veterinary Practice in Europe
Allerton, Fergus; Prior, Cameron; Bagcigil, Arzu Funda; Broens, Els; Callens, Bénédicte; Damborg, Peter; Dewulf, Jeroen; Filippitzi, Maria-Eleni; Carmo, Luís Pedro; Gómez-Raja, Jonathan; Harpaz, Erez; Mateus, Ana; Nolff, Mirja; Phythian, Clare J; Timofte, Dorina; Zendri, Flavia; Jessen, Lisbeth Rem
(2021) Antibiotics, volume 10, issue 4
(Article)
Abstract
Antimicrobial stewardship guidelines (ASGs) represent an important tool to help veterinarians optimize their antimicrobial use with the objective of decreasing antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to map and qualitatively assess the ASGs for antimicrobial use in cats and dogs in Europe. Country representatives of the European Network
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for Optimization of Veterinary Antimicrobial Treatment (ENOVAT) were asked to identify ASGs published in their countries. All collated ASGs updated since January 2010 containing recommendations on antimicrobial therapy for at least three conditions affecting different organ systems in cats and dogs underwent detailed review including AGREE II analysis. Out of forty countries investigated, fifteen ASGs from eleven countries met the inclusion criteria. Several critical principles of antimicrobial use were identified, providing a framework that should assist development of stewardship guidance. The AGREE II analysis highlighted several methodological limitations of the currently available ASGs. This study sheds light on the lack of national ASGs for dogs and cats in multiple European countries and should encourage national bodies to prioritize guideline development in small animals. A greater awareness of the need to use a structured approach to guideline development could improve the quality of ASGs in the future.
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Keywords: AGREE II, Antimicrobial resistance, Antimicrobial stewardship, Canine, Feline, Guidelines, Microbiology, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics(all), Microbiology (medical), Infectious Diseases, Pharmacology (medical)
ISSN: 2079-6382
Publisher: MDPI AG
Note: Funding Information: Acknowledgments: This article is based upon work from the COST Action European Network for Optimization of Veterinary Antimicrobial Treatment (CA18217), supported by European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST); see: www.enovat.eu and www.cost.eu, assessed date: 15 January 2021. The authors are especially grateful to ENOVAT country representatives and other contacts for completing the search for antimicrobial stewardship guidelines in their countries. Thanks to: Mentor Alishani, Ilias Apostolakos, Naim Deniz Ayaz, Luca Bano, Aivars Be¯rzin, š, Ferenc Biro, Lucia Birosova, Tereza Bodnorova, Myriam Borman, Petra Cagnardi, Giorgi Chakhunashvili, Sonila Cocoli, Elsa Leclerc Duarte, Clair Firth, Paola Grenni, Luca Guardabassi, Josipa Habus, Piret Kalmus, Eran Levy, Peter Kopp, Aneliya Milanova, Slavcho Mrenoshki, Aleksandr Novoslavskij, Charlotta Oddsdottir, Alessandra Piccirillo, Constanca Pomba, Nikola Puvacˇa, Magdalena Rzewuska, Simone Schuller, Ahmed Smajlović, Dragica Stojanović, Pohjanvirta Tarja, Ana Vale, Romel Velev, Ulrika Windahl and Irena Zdovc. Funding Information: This article is based upon work from the COST Action European Network for Optimization of Veterinary Antimicrobial Treatment (CA18217), supported by European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST); see: www.enovat.eu and www.cost.eu, assessed date: 15 January 2021. The authors are especially grateful to ENOVAT country representatives and other contacts for completing the search for antimicrobial stewardship guidelines in their countries. Thanks to: Mentor Alishani, Ilias Apostolakos, Naim Deniz Ayaz, Luca Bano, Aivars Berzin, ?, Ferenc Biro, Lucia Birosova, Tereza Bodnorova, Myriam Borman, Petra Cagnardi, Giorgi Chakhunashvili, Sonila Cocoli, Elsa Leclerc Duarte, Clair Firth, Paola Grenni, Luca Guardabassi, Josipa Habus, Piret Kalmus, Eran Levy, Peter Kopp, Aneliya Milanova, Slavcho Mrenoshki, Aleksandr Novoslavskij, Charlotta Oddsdottir, Alessandra Piccirillo, Constanca Pomba, Nikola Puva?ca, Magdalena Rzewuska, Simone Schuller, Ahmed Smajlov?c, Dragica Stojanov?c, Pohjanvirta Tarja, Ana Vale, Romel Velev, Ulrika Windahl and Irena Zdovc. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors.
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