Ecosystem services trajectories in coffee agroforestry in Colombia over 40 years
De Leijster, V.; Santos, M.J.; Wassen, M.W.; Camargo García, J.C.; Llorca Fernandez, I.; Verkuil, L.; Scheper, A.; Steenhuis, M.; Verweij, P.A.
(2021) Ecosystem Services, volume 48
(Article)
Abstract
Agroforestry interventions may act as catalysts for ecosystem service development and changes in supply and therefore may rehabilitate degraded land. This study investigates the trajectories of ecosystem services in coffee systems with a different time since transition to agroforestry in Colombia, the interactions among ecosystem services, and the biotic and
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abiotic factors that explain them. Therefore, we study a chronosequence of agroforestry coffee farms, with 1–40 years since planting of shade trees. We found that aboveground carbon stock, habitat provisioning, timber volume and coffee bean quality followed positive asymptotic trajectories. Erosion control and pest control did not change over time. Coffee yield tended to decrease as the shade trees matured, but this was not significant. We found consistent positive relationships between carbon stock, erosion control and epiphyte richness. A trade-off between aboveground carbon stock and coffee yield was found for the first 10 years, while a positive relation between coffee yield and erosion control was found for the long term (10–20 years). Canopy cover best explained ecosystem service supply, but also farm agrochemical input management, altitude and slope influenced the supply. This study demonstrated that agroforestry can be used to rehabilitate ecosystem service supply.
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Keywords: Agroforestry, Coffee, Colombia, ES bundles and trade-offs, Multiple ecosystem services, Rehabilitation trajectories, Restoration ecology, Global and Planetary Change, Geography, Planning and Development, Ecology, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Nature and Landscape Conservation, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
ISSN: 2212-0416
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Note: Funding Information: We would like to thank the farmers who participated in this study for their assistance and hospitality, and for allowing us to work on their farms. We are grateful Norberto Rinc?n of the Comit? Departamental de Cafeteros de Risaralda and to the National Federation of Coffee growers of Colombia (FNC), who helped with the organization of the fieldwork and the communication with the farmers. Specifically we thank Luz Betty, German, Nury, Maria Teresa and Myriam Christina who have been a great support in the field. This study was supported by funding from the graduate program ?Nature Conservation, Management and Restoration? of The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and the Commonland Foundation, which financially supported field data collection. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)
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