An orthopoxvirus-based vaccine reduces virus excretion after MERS-CoV infection in dromedary camels
Haagmans, Bart L; van den Brand, Judith M A; Raj, V Stalin; Volz, Asisa; Wohlsein, Peter; Smits, Saskia L.; Schipper, Debby; Bestebroer, Theo M; Okba, Nisreen; Fux, Robert; Bensaid, Albert; Solanes Foz, David; Kuiken, Thijs; Baumgärtner, Wolfgang; Segalés, Joaquim; Sutter, Gerd; Osterhaus, Albert D M E
(2016) Science, volume 351, issue 6268, pp. 77 - 81
(Article)
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections have led to an ongoing outbreak in humans, which was fueled by multiple zoonotic MERS-CoV introductions from dromedary camels. In addition to the implementation of hygiene measures to limit further camel-to-human and human-to-human transmissions, vaccine-mediated reduction of MERS-CoV spread from the animal reservoir
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may be envisaged. Here we show that a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vaccine expressing the MERS-CoV spike protein confers mucosal immunity in dromedary camels. Compared with results for control animals, we observed a significant reduction of excreted infectious virus and viral RNA transcripts in vaccinated animals upon MERS-CoV challenge. Protection correlated with the presence of serum neutralizing antibodies to MERS-CoV. Induction of MVA-specific antibodies that cross-neutralize camelpox virus would also provide protection against camelpox.
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Keywords: Animals, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, Camelus, Coronavirus Infections, Disease Outbreaks, Humans, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, RNA, Viral, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Vaccinia virus, Viral Vaccines, Virus Shedding, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN: 0036-8075
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Note: Copyright © 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science.
(Peer reviewed)