Is There a Place for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Rheumatology?

Abstract

In a time where new immunomodulatory therapies are widely available, it seems remarkable that the number of hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT) performed in rheumatic diseases is still increasing. However, in progressive systemic sclerosis, autologous HSCT is the only treatment with proven survival benefits. In refractory cases of inflammatory arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and several other rare rheumatic conditions, HSCT contributed to better disease control as well. Nevertheless, HSCT is still associated with considerable risks, and a careful balancing of benefits and risks remains paramount.