Fitkids Treadmill Test: Clinical Utility and Factors Associated With Its Use Among Physical Therapists

Abstract

Background Although the Fitkids Treadmill Test (FTT) has been validated and normative values are available for healthy 6- to 18-year-old children and adolescents, these facts do not automatically imply uptake of the test in routine practice of physical therapists. Objective The objectives of this study were to evaluate the utility of the FTT in different diagnostic groups and to explore potential factors affecting the use of the FTT in clinical practice. Design Mixed methods with both quantitative and qualitative data were used in this study. Methods Outcome parameters from the FTT were retrieved from the Fitkids database. For evaluation of the utility of the FTT, 2 indicators, exercise duration and maximal effort, were used. An online survey was sent to physical therapists in Fitkids practices to identify factors affecting the use of the FTT in clinical practice. Results The proportion of children and adolescents in each of the diagnostic groups who reached the minimal duration of a maximal exercise test ranged from 94% to 100%. The proportion of participants who reached a peak heart rate ≥180 beats/min ranged from 46% for participants with cognitive, psychological, or sensory disorders to 92% for participants with metabolic diseases. The most important facilitator for use of the FTT was the fact that most physical therapists were convinced of the additional value of the FTT. The main barriers were therapists' attitudes (resistance to change/lack of experience) and, on the environmental level, the absence of a treadmill ergometer in physical therapist practice. Limitations Structured interviews would have provided more information on potential factors affecting the use of the FTT in clinical practice. Conclusions This study has shown the clinical utility of the FTT in different diagnostic groups in pediatric physical therapist practice. Responding to the factors identified in this study should enable improved uptake of the FTT in clinical practice.