Eritrean Unaccompanied Refugee Minors in Transition: A Focused Ethnography of Challenges and Needs

Abstract

In the Netherlands, the largest group of unaccompanied refugee minors originates from Eritrea. These minors have been exposed to several distressing events and face psychosocial challenges and drastic changes within their social-ecological environment upon arrival in the Netherlands. The current study explored challenges and needs of Eritrean unaccompanied refugee minors and their caregivers. We conducted a focused ethnography among Eritrean minors (N = 18) and their professional caregivers (N = 15). A thematic content analysis revealed the following themes to be central in the daily lives of Eritrean unaccompanied refugee minors: (a) relationships, (b) psychological stress, (c) preparation for independent living, (d) spirituality, and (e) leisure activities. Each theme was linked to key challenges, including minors finding their way without their parents, family reunification, and worries about the wellbeing of their relatives. These uncovered themes provide implications for future research and policy to improve the guidance, care, and support for these minors. The current study suggests that to promote their development and functioning, future training and programs should aim to strengthen the relationship of unaccompanied refugee minors and their professional caregivers.