Extracellular vesicles in synovial fluid from juvenile horses: No age-related changes in the quantitative profile
Boere, J.; van de Lest, C. H.A.; de Grauw, J. C.; Plomp, S. G.M.; Libregts, S. F.W.M.; Arkesteijn, G. J.A.; Malda, J.; Wauben, M. H.M.; van Weeren, P. R.
(2019) Veterinary Journal, volume 244, pp. 91 - 93
(Article)
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV) concentration, characteristics and function in equine synovial fluid (SF) during normal growth and development has not previously been studied. Isolation of EVs was performed in SF from three healthy foals and two adult horses by differential ultracentrifugation (10,000 g and 200,000 g); EVs were purified by sucrose
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density gradient floatation and analysed by high-resolution flow cytometry (FCM), buoyant density and western blotting. Additionally, repeated biomarker analysis of sulphated glycosaminoglycans (GAG), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), C-terminal crosslinked telopeptide type II collagen (CTX-II), collagenase cleaved neopeptide type II collagen (C2C) was performed in SF from 10 foals and six adult horses. In contrast with the quantitative EV profile, the biomarker profile in SF from juvenile joints was substantially different from that in SF from adult animals. However, there were qualitative differences in the high-resolution FCM scatter plots. Future in-depth functional analyses may reveal differences between juvenile and mature EVs in SF.
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Keywords: Biomarker, CD44, Foal, Joint development, Joint homeostasis, Animal Science and Zoology, General Veterinary
ISSN: 1090-0233
Publisher: Bailliere Tindall Ltd
Note: Funding Information: This research was supported by grants from the Dutch government to The Netherlands Institute for Regenerative Medicine (NIRM, grant No. FES0908 ; J. Boere), the Dutch Arthritis Foundation (grants No. LLP-12 and LLP-22 ; J. Malda, P.R. van Weeren), the European Research Council (3D-JOINT, grant No. 647426 ; J. Malda) and the Dutch Technology Foundation STW (Perspectief Program Cancer ID, grant No. 14191 ; S.F.W.M. Libregts). We wish to thank Carien van Wees and the employees of horse dairy farm Riga Ranch (Nieuwveen, the Netherlands) for their kind help with handling and care of the animals, equine veterinary technicians Henk C.K. Westhoff and Peter N.M. van Miltenburg (Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands) for their assistance during the experimental procedures, and Jorien Walraven (MSc student, Utrecht University, The Netherlands) for conducting the MMP, CCL2, PGE2 and GAG assays. Publisher Copyright: © 2018
(Peer reviewed)