Longitudinal association between motor and obsessive compulsive symptoms in patients with psychosis and their unaffected siblings
Swets, Marije; Schirmbeck, Frederike; Dekker, Jack; de Haan, Lieuwe; Kahn, René S.; van Os, Jim; Bruggeman, Richard; Cahn, Wiepke; Bartels-Velthuis, Agna A.; Myin-Germeys, Inez; Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP) Investigators
(2019) European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, volume 269, issue 2, pp. 257 - 268
(Article)
Abstract
Little is known about the co-prevalence of obsessive compulsive symptoms (OCS) and motor symptoms in patients with psychotic disorders. Cross-sectional associations between OCS and motor symptoms were assessed at baseline and at 3 years follow-up in patients (n = 726) with psychotic disorders and in their unaffected siblings (n =
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761) from the Dutch Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP) study. Furthermore, longitudinal associations between changes in OCS and motor symptoms were evaluated. At baseline, OCS was not associated with any motor symptom (akathisia, dyskinesia, parkinsonism or dystonia) in patients. At follow-up, patients with OCS reported significantly more akathisia. Dividing the patients into four groups—no OCS, OCS remission with OCS only at baseline, OCS de novo with OCS only at follow-up and a persistent OCS group—revealed that the OCS de novo group already reported more akathisia at baseline compared to the no-OCS group. At follow-up, both the OCS de novo and the persistent OCS group reported more akathisia. These results remained significant after correcting for relevant confounders clozapine, GAF score, PANSS-negative score and IQ. Motor symptoms at baseline were significantly associated with OCS at follow-up, but not the other way around. In siblings, OCS at baseline was associated with akathisia, but this association was lost at follow-up. Results suggest that motor symptoms might precede co-occurring OCS in patients with psychotic disorders. However, no inference can be made about causality, and further prospective research is needed to investigate this assumption.
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Keywords: Akathisia, Motor symptoms, Obsessive compulsive disorder, Obsessive compulsive symptoms, Psychotic disorders, Schizophrenia, Comorbidity, Humans, Male, Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology, Schizophrenia/epidemiology, Dystonia/epidemiology, Dyskinesias/epidemiology, Young Adult, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/epidemiology, Adult, Female, Parkinsonian Disorders/epidemiology, Psychomotor Agitation/epidemiology, Longitudinal Studies, Siblings, Psychiatry and Mental health, Pharmacology (medical), Biological Psychiatry, Journal Article
ISSN: 0940-1334
Publisher: D. Steinkopff-Verlag
Note: Funding Information: Acknowledgements This work was supported by a grant from the Geestkracht program of the Dutch Health Research Council (ZonMw, Grant No. 10-000-1002). Funding Information: This work was supported by a grant from the Geestkracht program of the Dutch Health Research Council (ZonMw, Grant No. 10-000-1002). Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP) Investigators: René S. Kahn: Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Jim van Os: Maastricht University Medical Centre, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Richard Bruggeman: University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Wiepke Cahn: Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Agna A. Bartels-Velthuis: University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Inez Myin-Germeys: Maastricht University Medical Centre, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Publisher Copyright: © 2018, The Author(s).
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