Nieuwe antibiotica: een overzicht

Abstract

The worldwide rapid increase in antibiotic resistance means that new therapeutic measures are urgently needed. Older antibiotics, such as colistin, fosfomycin, minocycline, mecillinam and temocillin, which had fallen from grace due to the development of more effective and less toxic drugs are now of renewed interest in the treatment of infections caused by multiresistant bacteria. Two new glycopeptides (oritavancin and dalbavancin) and a new oxazolidinone (tedizolid) are now registered for the treatment of acute skin and soft-tissue infections. In the treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, cephalosporins are combined with beta-lactamase inhibitors which protect them from various beta-lactamases and also make them effective against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. Examples of these are ceftolozane-tazobactam, ceftazidime-avibactam and meropenem-vaborbactam. Results of preclinical research on the effectiveness of new antibiotics are hopeful. There has been a great increase in investment in the development of new antimicrobials. Also, regulatory agencies have accelerated their assessment of these new - and urgently needed - drugs.