A multicohort, longitudinal study of cerebellar development in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Shaw, Philip; Ishii-Takahashi, Ayaka; Park, Min Tae; Devenyi, Gabriel A.; Zibman, Chava; Kasparek, Steven; Sudre, Gustavo; Mangalmurti, Aman; Hoogman, Martine; Tiemeier, Henning; von Polier, Georg; Shook, Devon; Muetzel, Ryan; Chakravarty, M. Mallar; Konrad, Kerstin; Durston, Sarah; White, Tonya
(2018) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, volume 59, issue 10, pp. 1114 - 1123
(Article)
Abstract
Background: The cerebellum supports many cognitive functions disrupted in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Prior neuroanatomic studies have been often limited by small sample sizes, inconsistent findings, and a reliance on cross-sectional data, limiting inferences about cerebellar development. Here, we conduct a multicohort study using longitudinal data, to characterize cerebellar
... read more
development. Methods: Growth trajectories of the cerebellar vermis, hemispheres and white matter were estimated using piecewise linear regression from 1,656 youth; of whom 63% had longitudinal data, totaling 2,914 scans. Four cohorts participated, all contained childhood data (age 4–12 years); two had adolescent data (12–25 years). Growth parameters were combined using random-effects meta-analysis. Results: Diagnostic differences in growth were confined to the corpus medullare (cerebellar white matter). Here, the ADHD group showed slower growth in early childhood compared to the typically developing group (left corpus medullare z = 2.49, p =.01; right z = 2.03, p =.04). This reversed in late childhood, with faster growth in ADHD in the left corpus medullare (z = 2.06, p =.04). Findings held when gender, intelligence, comorbidity, and psychostimulant medication were considered. Discussion: Across four independent cohorts, containing predominately longitudinal data, we found diagnostic differences in the growth of cerebellar white matter. In ADHD, slower white matter growth in early childhood was followed by faster growth in late childhood. The findings are consistent with the concept of ADHD as a disorder of the brain's structural connections, formed partly by developing cortico-cerebellar white matter tracts.
show less
Download/Full Text
The full text of this publication is not available.
Keywords: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Cerebellum, growth, meta-analysis, neuroanatomy, white matter, Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Psychiatry and Mental health
ISSN: 0021-9630
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Note: Funding Information: The LONG and NCR cohorts are funded by the Intramural Programs of the NHGRI and NIMH. The authors thank the ADHD working group of Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) for help in the launching of this project. The Generation R Study is supported by the Sophia Children's Hospital Research Foundation (SSWO) Project #639 and the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) TOP project number 91211021. Supercomputing computations were supported by the NWO Physical Sciences Division (Exacte Wetenschappen) and SURFsara (Lisa compute cluster, www.surfsara.nl). The Generation R Study is conducted by the Erasmus Medical Center in close collaboration with the School of Law and Faculty of Social Sciences of the Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Municipal Health Service Rotterdam area, Rotterdam, the Rotterdam Homecare Foundation, Rotterdam and the Stichting Trombosedienst & Artsenlaboratorium Rijnmond (STAR-MDC), Rotterdam. The authors gratefully acknowledge the contribution of children and parents, general practitioners, hospitals, midwives, and pharmacies in Rotterdam. The authors have declared that they have no competing or potential conflicts of interest. The NICHE sample was recruited with support from NWO VIDI 917.76.384 and NWO VICI 453.10.005 to SD. Funding Information: The Generation R Study is supported by the Sophia Children’s Hospital Research Foundation (SSWO) Project #639 and the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) TOP project number 91211021. Supercomputing computations were supported by the NWO Physical Sciences Division (Exacte Wetenschappen) and SURFsara (Lisa compute cluster, www.surfsara.nl). The Generation R Study is conducted by the Erasmus Medical Center in close collaboration with the School of Law and Faculty of Social Sciences of the Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Municipal Health Service Rotterdam area, Rotterdam, the Rotterdam Homecare Foundation, Rotterdam and the Stichting Trombosedienst & Artsenlaborato-rium Rijnmond (STAR-MDC), Rotterdam. The authors gratefully acknowledge the contribution of children and parents, general practitioners, hospitals, midwives, and pharmacies in Rotterdam. The authors have declared that they have no competing or potential conflicts of interest. The NICHE sample was recruited with support from NWO VIDI 917.76.384 and NWO VICI 453.10.005 to SD. Funding Information: The LONG and NCR cohorts are funded by the Intramural Programs of the NHGRI and NIMH. The authors thank the ADHD working group of Enhancing Neuroi-maging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) for help in the launching of this project. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.
(Peer reviewed)