Impact of Selection Bias on Estimation of Subsequent Event Risk
Hu, Yi-Juan; Schmidt, Amand F; Dudbridge, Frank; Holmes, Michael V.; Brophy, James M.; Tragante, Vinicius; Li, Ziyi; Liao, Peizhou; Quyyumi, Arshed A.; McCubrey, Raymond O.; Horne, Benjamin D; Hingorani, Aroon D.; Asselbergs, Folkert W; Patel, Riyaz S; Long, Qi
(2017) Circulation-Cardiovascular genetics, volume 10, issue 5
(Article)
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Studies of recurrent or subsequent disease events may be susceptible to bias caused by selection of subjects who both experience and survive the primary indexing event. Currently, the magnitude of any selection bias, particularly for subsequent time-to-event analysis in genetic association studies, is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used
... read more
empirically inspired simulation studies to explore the impact of selection bias on the marginal hazard ratio for risk of subsequent events among those with established coronary heart disease. The extent of selection bias was determined by the magnitudes of genetic and nongenetic effects on the indexing (first) coronary heart disease event. Unless the genetic hazard ratio was unrealistically large (>1.6 per allele) and assuming the sum of all nongenetic hazard ratios was <10, bias was usually <10% (downward toward the null). Despite the low bias, the probability that a confidence interval included the true effect decreased (undercoverage) with increasing sample size because of increasing precision. Importantly, false-positive rates were not affected by selection bias. CONCLUSIONS: In most empirical settings, selection bias is expected to have a limited impact on genetic effect estimates of subsequent event risk. Nevertheless, because of undercoverage increasing with sample size, most confidence intervals will be over precise (not wide enough). When there is no effect modification by history of coronary heart disease, the false-positive rates of association tests will be close to nominal.
show less
Download/Full Text
Not available. The author may have various reasons for not providing access, for instance because it is prohibited by the commissioner of the research, or because the author is conducting further research on the subject.
Author keywords: alleles, confidence intervals, genetic association studies, risk, sample size, selection bias
ISSN: 1942-3268
Note: © 2017 American Heart Association, Inc.
(Publisher version, Peer reviewed)
See more statistics about this item