Natural history and clinical characteristics of inhibitors in previously treated haemophilia A patients: a case series
Iorio, A.; Barbara, A. M.; Makris, M.; Fischer, K.; Castaman, G.; Catarino, C.; Gilman, E.; Kavakli, K.; Lambert, T.; Lassila, R.; Lissitchkov, T.; Mauser-Bunschoten, E.; Mingot-Castellano, M. E.; Ozdemir, N.; Pabinger, I.; Parra, R.; Pasi, J.; Peerlinck, K.; Rauch, A.; Roussel-Robert, V.; Serban, M.; Tagliaferri, A.; Windyga, J.; Zanon, E.
(2017) Haemophilia, volume 23, issue 2, pp. 255 - 263
(Article)
Abstract
Background: Development of inhibitors is the most serious complication in haemophilia A treatment. The assessment of risk for inhibitor formation in new or modified factor concentrates is traditionally performed in previously treated patients (PTPs). However, evidence on risk factors for and natural history of inhibitors has been generated mostly in
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previously untreated patients (PUPs). The purpose of this study was to examine cases of de novo inhibitors in PTPs reported in the scientific literature and to the EUropean HAemophilia Safety Surveillance (EUHASS) programme, and explore determinants and course of inhibitor development. Methods: We used a case series study design and developed a case report form to collect patient level data; including detection, inhibitor course, treatment, factor VIII products used and events that may trigger inhibitor development (surgery, vaccination, immune disorders, malignancy, product switch). Results: We identified 19 publications that reported 38 inhibitor cases and 45 cases from 31 EUHASS centres. Individual patient data were collected for 55/83 (66%) inhibitor cases out of 12 330 patients. The median (range) peak inhibitor titre was 4.4 (0.5–135.0), the proportion of transient inhibitors was 33% and only two cases of 12 undergoing immune tolerance induction failed this treatment. In the two months before inhibitor development, surgery was reported in nine (22%) cases, and high intensity treatment periods reported in seven (17%) cases. Conclusions: By studying the largest cohort of inhibitor development in PTPs assembled to date, we showed that inhibitor development in PTPs, is on average, a milder event than in PUPs.
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Keywords: factor VIII inhibitors, haemophilia A, previously treated patients, Hematology, Genetics(clinical), Case Reports, Journal Article
ISSN: 1351-8216
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Note: Funding Information: This study was supported by two independent unrestricted research grants: a ‘Care until Cure’ peer reviewed research grant, awarded in 2013 to AMB by the Canadian Hemophilia Society (CHS) supported the collection of inhibitor data reported in the literature; a Pfizer Investigator-Initiated Research grant awarded in 2014 to AI supported the collection of data reported to EUHASS. We thank the following people for providing data for the study: Dr, Prasad Mathew from Albuquerque, USA; Dr. Jenny Goudemand from Lille, France; Dr. Sylvia Reitter-Pfoertner from Vienna, Austria; Dr. Gianna F. Rivolta from Parma, Italy; Dr. Vadim Romanov from California, USA (at the time of data analysis); Dr. Bülent Zülfikar from Istanbul, Turkey. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
(Peer reviewed)