Gauss: The Last Entry

Abstract

We present one of the shortest examples of a statement with a visionary impact: we discuss an expectation by Gauss. His idea preludes developments only started more than a century later. Several proofs were given for the prediction by Gauss. We show where this statements fits into modern mathematics. We give a short proof, using methods, developed by Hasse, Weil and many others. Of course this is history upside down: instead of seeing the Last Entry as a prelude to modern developments, we give a 20-th century proof of this 19-th century statement