Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig)A is an important immunoglobulin in mucosal immunity and protects the lungs against invading pathogens. The production of IgA is regulated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-, a versatile cytokine and key player in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. TGF- is up-regulated in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but
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