Primary immunodeficiencies in the Netherlands: National patient data demonstrate the increased risk of malignancy

Abstract

Purpose: To analyze the data of the national registry of all Dutch primary immune deficiency (PID) patients, according to the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) definitions. Results: In the Netherlands, 745 patients had been registered between 2009 and 2012. An overall prevalence of 4.0 per 100,000 inhabitants was calculated. The most prevalent PID was 'predominantly antibody disorder (PAD)' (60.4%).In total, 118 transplantations were reported, mostly hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT). Almost 10% of the PID patients suffered from a malignancy, in particular 'lymphoma' and 'skin cancer'. Compared to the general Dutch population, the relative risk of developing any malignancy was 2.3-fold increased, with a >. 10-fold increase for some solid tumors (thymus, endocrine organs) and hematological disease (lymphoma, leukemia), varying per disease category. Conclusions: The incidence rate and characteristics of PID in the Netherlands are similar to those in other European countries. Compared to the general population, PID patients carry an increased risk to develop a malignancy.