Abstract
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the inuence of the MR scanner on
dosimetry for the radiation modality, and to investigate the possible solutions
for the dosimetric measurements discussed in section 1.7.
Chapter 2 investigates the feasibility to use a standardized national reference
dosimetry protocol for the MR-linac. Firstly, the feasibility of
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using an ionisation
chamber in an MR-linac was assessed by investigating possible inuences
of the magnetic field on an NE2571 Farmer type ionisation chamber characteristics:
linearity, repeatability, orientation in the magnetic field; and AAPM
TG51 correction factor for voltage polarity and ion recombination. Secondly,
the inuence of the permanent 1.5 T magnetic field on the NE2571 chamber
reading was quantified.
Chapter 3 presents the design and performance of a prototype MR-linac compatible
scanning water phantom. In order to use a scanning water phantom,
the performance of air filled ionisation chambers in the magnetic field must
be characterised. The performance of the scanning water phantom will be validated
at a clinical set-up in a 0 T magnetic field. Inside the MR-linac set-up,
the performance of the MR-linac scanning water phantom is validated using
radiographic film.
Chapter 4 investigates the performance of the IC PROFILERTM, a multi-axis
ionisation chamber array, in a 1.5 T magnetic field. The inuence of the magnetic
field on the IC PROFILERTM reproducibility, dose response linearity, pulse
rate frequency dependence, power to electronics, panel orientation and ionisation
chamber shape are investigated. IC PROFILERTM dose profiles were
compared with film dose profiles obtained simultaneously in the MR-linac.
Chapter 5 investigates the feasibility of using the STARCHECKTM multi-axis
ionisation chamber array panel, in a transverse 1.5 T magnetic field. The
method of investigation is similar to that used for the IC PROFILERTM in
chapter 4. The investigated characteristics are short term reproducibility, dose
response linearity, accuracy of output factor measurements and the inuence
of the magnetic field on a purposefully introduced misalignment. As a validation
of feasibility, STARCHECKTM measurements were compared with film
measurements simultaneously obtained in the MR-linac.
Chapter 6 investigates the feasibility of using an MV portal imager in an MRlinac
set-up. MV imaging integrated with the MR-linac has the potential to
provide an independent position verification tool, a field edge check and a calibration
for alignment of the coordinate systems of the MRI and the accelerator.
A standard aSi MV detector panel is added to the system and both qualitative
and quantitative performance are determined.
Chapter 7 examines the performance characteristics of the ArcCHECK-MR QA
system in a transverse 1.5 T magnetic field. This ArcCHECK-MR system is
used for QA of patient treatment plans. To this end, the short-term reproducibility,
dose linearity, dose rate dependence, field size dependence, dose per
pulse dependence and inter-diode variation of the ArcCHECK-MR diodes were
evaluated on a conventional linac and on the MR-linac.
Chapter 8 investigates the inuence of the closed bore MRI scanner structures
on several radiation beam characteristics for squared fields of sizes 5.6, 9.8
and 23.8 cm2. The MR-linac set-up will be implemented into a Monte Carlo
simulation environment facilitating dose profile simulations in a 1.5 T magnetic
field with and without MRI scanner structures. The results of the Monte Carlo
simulations will be validated against scanning water phantom measurement
results obtained in the MR-linac for the PDD and lateral profiles.
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