Abstract
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
TAGIS
Preface,............v
Introduction,........, . . 1
Definition of age ; periods of age.
The Teeth,........
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1
Dentition in the Horse..........9
Incisors: Temporary, permanent, structure, direction. Molars : Temporary, per-
manent, development and structure.
Eruption of the Teeth..........43
The incisors ; tusks ; molars.
Duration of the Life of the Horse.......4fi
Principles of examination for determining the age of the horse; characters fur-
nished by the teeth.
First Period...........53
Eruption of the incisors of first dentition: at birth, one week, one month, three
months, four months, five months, six months, ten months.
Second Period,..........64
Leveling, progressive use, and falling out of the incisors of the first dentition ; one
year, sixteen months, twenty months, two years.
Third Period,..........74
Eruption of the permanent or adult teeth; two and a half years, rising three
years, three years, three years off, rising four years, four years, four years off,
rising five years, five years, five years off.
Fourth Period...........'.12
Leveling of the permanent incisors; at six years, at seven years, at eight years.
Fifth Period,......... 100
Wearing away of the crowns; at nine years, at ten years, at eleven years, at
twelve years, at thirteen years, at fourteen years, at fifteen years, at sixteen
years, at seventeen years, after nineteen.
(Vii)
VUl TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE
Irregularities of the Dental System.......122
Irregularities in number—augmentation; diminution; irregularities of form;
irregularities by uniting of two incisors; irregularities in form of the dental
cup—fissure ; irregularities in depth of the dental cups ; excess of hardness of
the teeth; excess of length of the dental cup; fault of length or size of one
jaw; excess of width of upper incisive arch; irregularities by excess or fault
of use; excess of length of jaws; excess of length of incisors; excessive
length of single teeth ; deficiency of length of incisors* deficiency of length
of crown of molars ; excess of length of crown of molars ; accidental irregu-
larities; irregularities from cribbing; artificial irregularities; removal of
temporary incisors; bishoping; dressed mouths.
Age op the Ass, Mule, and Hinny,......157
Age of the Ox,..........158
Dentition ; incisors, molars; table of eruption. Determination of age by the
teeth; eruption of temporary teeth ; wearing of the temporary teeth ; eruption
of permanent teeth ; leveling of permanent teeth ; wearing away of the crowns.
Determination of age by the horns.
Age of the Sheep and Goat,........175
Dentition; incisors, molars; eruption of temporary teeth; alteration during the
first year; eruption of permanent teeth. Determination of age by the horns.
Age of the Hog,.......... 184
Dentition ; incisors, tusks, molars. Determination of age by the teeth ; eruption
of temporary teeth ; eruption or permanent teeth ; table of dentition.
Age of the Dog,.......... 194
Dentition; incisors, tusks, molars. Determination of age by the teeth ; eruption
of temporary teeth ; eruption of permanent teeth. Determination of age from
OLher signs.
Age of Man,....... . . .. 203
Dentition, temporary, permanent; determination of age by the teeth.
Bibliography,..........211
Index, ............218
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