Gallo, Valentina; Vineis, Paolo; Cancellieri, Mariagrazia; Chiodini, Paolo; Barker, Roger A.; Brayne, Carol; Pearce, Neil; Vermeulen, Roel; Panico, Salvatore; Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas; Vanacore, Nicola; Forsgren, Lars; Ramat, Silvia; Ardanaz, Eva; Arriola, Larraitz; Peterson, Jesper; Hansson, Oskar; Gavrila, Diana; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Sieri, Sabina; Kühn, Tilman; Katzke, Verena A.; van der Schouw, Yvonne T.; Kyrozis, Andreas; Masala, Giovanna; Mattiello, Amalia; Perneczky, Robert; Middleton, Lefkos; Saracci, Rodolfo; Riboli, Elio
(Oxford University Press, 2019-06-01)
BACKGROUND: The aim of this paper is to investigate the causality of the inverse association between cigarette smoking and Parkinson's disease (PD). The main suggested alternatives include a delaying effect of smoking, ...