Variability in findings related to non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) have increasingly been described as a result of differences in neurophysiological state. Additionally, there is some evidence suggesting that individual ...

Purpose: A scene consisting of a white stimulus on a black background incorporates strong luminance contrast. When both stimulus and background receive different colors, luminance contrast decreases but color contrast ...

This paper describes a straightforward modeling procedure to derive ‘expected risk’ (ER) of chemical substances. Starting from proposed use volumes, intended uses, physical and chemical substance properties and toxicity ...

The cerebellum generates internal prediction models and actively compares anticipated and actual outcomes in order to reach a desired end state. In this process, reward can serve as a reinforcer that shapes internal ...

As science and technology evolve, there is an increasing need for promotion of international scientific exchange. Collaborations, while offering substantial opportunities for scientists and benefit to society, also present ...

What interests have you been involved with in the past two hours? And what did you think was or was not interesting about it? Three hundred young people answered those questions daily through a smartphone app. They did so ...

Milk is the first source of nutrition of the neonate and has constituted a major food group in the human diet for over 9 millennia, also beyond infancy. The discovery of milk proteins dates back to the early 1800s, marking ...

I aim to challenge the standard framework in which systematic exclusion is mistakenly characterised as only a frictional phenomenon that fails to be captured in migrants' labour market matching mechanisms. Societies organise ...

The original version of this Article contained errors in the Methods section ‘Target causal effect’, in which terms were omitted from the mathematical definitions of the causal effect and average causal effect. These ...