Centroid–moment tensor inversions using high-rate GPS waveforms

Abstract

Displacement time-series recorded by Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers are a new type of near-field waveformobservation of the seismic source.We have developed an inversion method which enables the recovery of an earthquake’s mechanism and centroid coordinates from such data. Our approach is identical to that of the ‘classical’ Centroid–Moment Tensor (CMT) algorithm, except that we forward model the seismic wavefield using a method that is amenable to the efficient computation of synthetic GPS seismograms and their partial derivatives. We demonstrate the validity of our approach by calculating CMT solutions using 1 Hz GPS data for two recent earthquakes in Japan. These results are in good agreement with independently determined source models of these events. With wider availability of data, we envisage the CMT algorithm providing a tool for the systematic inversion of GPS waveforms, as is already the case for teleseismic data. Furthermore, this general inversion method could equally be applied to other near-field earthquake observations such as those made using accelerometers.