MRSA in animals and humans: occurrence and control

Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important causative agent of nosocomial infections. Animals can play a role in the transmission of MRSA to humans. In 2003, a livestock associated variant of MRSA (LA-MRSA) was found in livestock, and therewith animals became more important as a reservoir for MRSA infections. In this paper we will give a short overview on the occurrence in animals – especially livestock – and humans of both the human associated MRSA and the LA-MRSA. Furthermore, the risk factors for transmission and colonisation of animals and humans by animals will be discussed. Reduction of transmission of MRSA-infections in animals should focus on the prudent use of antimicrobials and consistent application of hygienic measures. Moreover, the structure of livestock husbandry must change thoroughly, so that the transmission of infections is reduced. Selected future research questions to give more insight into the measures for prevention will be presented.