Abstract
The Tonga–Kermadec–Hikurangi subduction zone is a major plate boundary in the Southwest Pacific
region, where the Pacific plate subducts westward underneath the Australian plate. Considerable
controversy exists regarding the Cenozoic evolution of this subduction zone, its connection with the
Vitiaz–Solomon trench, the opening of adjacent backarc basins (South Fiji Basin, Norfolk Basin), and
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