Population-based effectiveness and safety of different antiplatelet regimens as secondary prevention for ischemic stroke/Transient ischemic attack
Noorsyahdy, Alfi; De Boer, Anthonius; Deneer, Vera H.M.; Ten Berg, Jurrien M.; Souverein, Patrick C.; Klungel, Olaf H.
(2016) Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, volume 25, issue S3, pp. 570
(Abstract)
Abstract
Background: Different antiplatelet regimens are used for secondary prevention after ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA), but studies on the relative effectiveness and safety of each regimen in daily practice are lacking. Objectives: To assess the relative effectiveness and safety of several antiplatelet regimens as secondary prevention in patients after
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an IS/TIA in clinical practice. Methods: A cohort study was conducted using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Patients aged ≥ 18 years with a first diagnosis of IS/TIA in 1998- 2013 were identified. Antiplatelet exposure was categorized into aspirin-dipyridamole, aspirin-only, clopidogrel-only, aspirin-clopidogrel, other regimens, and no-antiplatelet exposure. The primary effectiveness outcome was a composite endpoint of nonfatal IS, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), or cardiovascular (CV) death; and the safety outcome was major bleeding. Time-dependent Cox regression analysis was used to assess the association between antiplatelet regimens and CV effectiveness and major bleeding outcomes. Results: We followed 20,552 IS/TIA patients for a median duration of 2.3 years. There were 5,714 composite events during follow-up. All regimens were effective in reducing the primary effectiveness outcome compared to no-antiplatelet exposure. Aspirin-only, clopidogrel-only, aspirin-clopidogrel and other regimens were significantly (p <0.05) less effective compared to aspirin-dipyridamole (HR: 1.35, 1.12, 1.40, and 1.27, respectively), adjusted for age, sex, lifestyle factors, disease history and CV comedications. All other regimens were also significantly (p <0.05) associated with a higher relative risk of major bleeding compared to aspirin-dipyridamole (HR: 1.21, 1.32, 1.78, and 1.37, respectively), adjusted for age, sex, alcohol use, liver and renal disease, major bleeding history and comedications. Conclusions: Compared to aspirin-dipyridamole, all other antiplatelet regimens are less effective in reducing the risk of nonfatal IS, nonfatal MI or CV death, and associated with a higher risk of major bleeding in patients with IS/TIA.
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Keywords: acetylsalicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid plus clopidogrel, acetylsalicylic acid plus dipyridamole, clopidogrel, adult, alcohol consumption, bleeding, cardiovascular system, clinical practice, cohort analysis, comparative effectiveness, controlled study, death, diagnosis, exposure, follow up, heart infarction, human, kidney disease, lifestyle, liver disease, major clinical study, proportional hazards model, risk factor, safety, secondary prevention, thrombocyte, transient ischemic attack, young adult
ISSN: 1053-8569