Explorative review and screening of Kraft lignin conversion options for future biorefinery concepts

Abstract

In this research the hydrothermal treatment and hydrotreating conversion options for kraft lignin in future biorefinery concepts are explored from a techno-economic and environmental perspective. The lignocellulosic biorefinery provides an opportunity for the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals from biomass without competing with food and feed. Lignin, one of the structural components of lignocellulosic biomass, is currently heavily underutilized because of its complex structure. However, it has the potential to increase the economic viability of lignocellulosic biorefineries by producing value-added products from it. Right now, research is still in a very early stage and data is mainly on laboratory level. The research presented in this thesis has synthesized the current experimental work on kraft lignin conversion based on perating conditions, catalysts, potential products and solvents and has performed a basic techno-economic screening of the existing processes. By synthesis of the current experimental work, this research has been able to identify high potential processes for future biorefinery concepts and knowledge gaps in the research field.